If your chips are in sockets, you could start by taking them out (note the orientation first) and checking if you still have the short.

I'd start with the electrolytic capacitors (can shaped) on the grounds that they don't like reverse voltage, and are cheap to replace.

Then I'd replace the TL084, for the same reason.

If the transistor shaped thing is a voltage regulator, you could see what the output voltage is, and maybe replace that - though I don't know what it's supposed to be.

The CEM chip can be replaced too, but not as cheaply.  E.g:

https://electricdruid.net/product-category/oscillators/

- Andy